Plantar fasciitis is a common problem that can affect runners. The plantar fascia is a strong ligament that runs across the bottom of the foot that main role is the natural arch support of the foot. Plantar fasciitis is an overuse injury of this structure. It is more of a degeneration of the tissues rather than an ‘-itis’ (ie an inflammation), but plantar fasciitis is the common name. The main cause of plantar fasciitis is anything that increases the load in the plantar fascia. In non-runners, obesest is the main risk factor for plantar fasciitis. In runners the main risk factors are overuse, poor foot biomechanics and tight calf muscles.
The approach to the treatment to plantar fasciitis is to usually start with some form of activity modification and a reduction in the volume of running and the substitution or some other activity such as cycling or deep water running. The next approach is to reduce the load in the injured tissues so that they can heal. This is achieved with the use of strapping, foot orthotics and calf muscle stretching. Most other therapies for plantar fasciitis are aimed at helping the tissues to heal rather than just reduce the load in the tissues. These include modalities such as shockwave therapy and acupuncture.
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